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Retrieve it. Nuri al-Said Politician — 27 Views. Who was Nuri al-Said? We need you! Help us build the largest biographies collection on the web! Add a New Bio. He went to Istanbul for further training at the Staff College in and was graduated two years later. Nuri, however, disagreed with Aziz Ali on foreign policy.
Aziz sought cooperation with the Germans, who supported Ottoman unity, while Nuri was suspicious of their objectives. When Aziz was expelled from Istanbul for his political activities, Nuri left in disguise for Basra seeking protection under its Arab governor. As an officer in the Ottoman army, Nuri was sent to India to be interned.
From there he escaped to Cairo, where he became engaged with other Arab officers to join Husein ibn Ali Sharif Husayn of Mecca, who led the Arab revolt against Ottoman rule. Nuri's participation in the Arab revolt was the beginning of a life-long association with the Hashemite Hashimi house of Husein. Nuri returned to Iraq early in to cooperate with other leaders to prepare for Faisal's accession of the throne of Iraq in August as Faisal I.
For almost a decade, from to , Iraqi leaders were dissatisfied with the limited independence granted by the British. They demanded complete independence. Nuri preferred to remain in the background of the ensuing struggle for independence. All political leaders had agreed on independence, but they disagreed on the way to achieve it.
Some wanted independence at once, others were prepared to wait for it. Nuri saw the need for British assistance and urged rapid development before independence. He concentrated on the building up of a national army and served for almost a decade either as chief of staff or minister of defense. In , when Britain finally decided to recognize Iraqi independence and replace the mandate with a treaty of alliance, Nuri was the man to deal with Britain.
For two years as prime minister he worked to reconcile differences, and a treaty with Britain was signed on June 30, Nuri returned to Baghdad on 26 January and immediately implemented a harsh policy of repression against the protesters. At mass demonstration the next day, police fired again at the protesters, leaving many more dead.
In his struggle to implement the treaty, Nuri had destroyed any credibility that he had left.
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He retained considerable power throughout the country, but he was generally hated. He was determined to drive the Jews out of his country as quickly as possible, [ 8 ] [ 9 ] and on 21 August , he threatened to revoke the license of the company transporting the Jewish exodus if it did not fulfill its daily quota of Jews.
On 18 September , Nuri summoned a representative of the Jewish community, claimed Israel was behind the emigration delay and threatened to "take them to the borders" and expel the Jews. In , Nuri Al-Said turned to building up Iraq's internal strength by concentrating on economic development. This allowed for the establishment of the Development Board for reconstruction which launched a series of ambitious schemes and projects to foster comprehensive growth in Iraq.
Private capital invested in industry amounted to about ID 4 million in , rising to nearly ID 20 million by , although the working conditions of the poor had hardly been assessed, which led to reprimand by the ever-growing anti-monarchist sentiment in Iraq. The next major political demarche with which Nuri's name would be associated was the Baghdad Pact , a series of agreements concluded between and , which tied Iraq politically and militarily with the Western powers and their regional allies, notably Turkey.
The pact was especially important to Nuri, as it was favoured by the British and Americans. On the other hand, it was also contrary to the political aspirations of most of the country. Taking advantage of the situation, Nuri stepped up his policies of political repression and censorship. The political situation deteriorated in , when Israel , France and Britain colluded in an invasion of Egypt , in response to the nationalisation of the Suez Canal by President Gamal Abdel Nasser.
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Nuri was overjoyed with the tripartite move and instructed the radio station to play The Postmen Complained about the Abundance of My Letters as a way to mock Nasser, whose father was a postal clerk. However, Nuri then publicly condemned the invasion, as the national sentiment was strongly for Egypt. The invasion exacerbated popular mistrust of the Baghdad Pact, and Nuri responded by refusing to sit with British representatives during a meeting of the Pact and cut off diplomatic relations with France.
According to historian Adeeb Dawish, "Nuri's circumspect response hardly placated the seething populace. Mass protests and disturbances occurred throughout the country, in Baghdad, Basrah , Mosul , Kufa , Najaf and al-Hillah. In response Nuri decreed martial law and sent in troops to some southern cities to suppress the riots, while in Baghdad, nearly protesters were detained.
Nuri's political position was weakened, so much that he became more "discouraged and depressed" than ever before according to the British ambassador and was genuinely fearful that he would be unable to restore stability. A similar process within the military officer corps followed, with the formation of the Supreme Committee of Free Officers.
However, Nuri's attempts to preserve the loyalty of the military by generous benefits failed. Kuwait was asked to enter the union; however, the British opposed this. Nuri was the first prime minister of the new federation, which was soon ended with the coup that toppled the Iraqi monarchy. As the Lebanon crisis escalated, Jordan requested the help of Iraqi troops, who feigned to be en route there on 14 July.
The group was ordered to turn facing the wall and were shot down by Captain Abdus Sattar As Sab' , a member of the coup. After almost four decades, the monarchy had been toppled.
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Nuri went into hiding, but he was captured the next day as he sought to make his escape. He was shot dead and buried that same day, but an angry mob disinterred his corpse and dragged it through the streets of Baghdad, where it was hung up, burned and mutilated, ultimately being run over repeatedly by municipal buses, until his corpse was unrecognizable.
They had two sons: Falah born and Issam born After being ousted from Iraq, both his second wife and child fled to Israel. Falah died in a car accident in Jordan in Issam was an artist and architect based in London who died in from a heart attack. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read Edit View history.
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Early career [ edit ]. Political career [ edit ]. Nuri turned to building up Iraq's internal strength by concentrating on economic development. The board launched ambitious schemes for irrigation and drainage, designed to save the country from the perennial threat of floods and to provide water for agricultural development. But conditions of the poor were hardly touched.
Nuri's opponents in Iraq aroused the masses against him, while opponents outside the country concentrated on attacking his foreign policy. Nuri hoped that his development schemes would bring about prosperity and improve conditions of the poor.
Biography of john f. kennedy: Nuri al-Said (born , Baghdad, Ottoman Empire [now in Iraq]—died July 15, , Baghdad) was an Iraqi army officer, statesman, and political leader who maintained close ties with Great Britain during and after the mandate period (–32) and worked toward Arab unity.
But time ran short for development. His opponents were able to win over the army against him. The army rose in revolt on July 14, , and overthrew the monarchy and put Nuri to death as well as King Faisal II , who had come to the throne in There are two books which cover Nuri's life and policies. Nuri's political activities are discussed in detail in M.
XXV August 18, For an evaluation of Nuri's leadership, see M. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. January 8, Retrieved January 08, from Encyclopedia. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list.
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