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After his original Republican opponent in the general election, Jack Ryan, withdrew from the race, the former presidential candidate Alan Keyes stepped in.
It put the relatively unknown, young senator in the national spotlight. Senate since Reconstruction. During his tenure, Obama notably focused on issues of nuclear non-proliferation and the health threat posed by avian flu. He partnered with another Republican, Senator Richard Lugar of Indiana , on a bill that expanded efforts to destroy weapons of mass destruction in Eastern Europe and Russia.
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In August , Obama traveled to Kenya, where thousands of people lined the streets to welcome him. He published his second book, The Audacity of Hope , in October On February 10, , Obama formally announced his candidacy for president of the United States. A victory in the Iowa primary made him a viable challenger to the early frontrunner, the former first lady and current New York Senator Hillary Clinton , whom he outlasted in a grueling primary campaign to claim the Democratic nomination in early June Obama chose Joseph R.
Biden Jr. Biden had been a U. They worked to bring new voters—many of them young or Black, both demographics they believed favored Obama—to become involved in the election. With several weeks remaining, most polls showed Obama as the frontrunner.
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When Barack turned two, his father moved to Kenya and divorced Barack's mother. At the age of six, Barack's mother remarried an Indonesian student named Lolo Soetoro, and they moved to Indonesia. Barack spent four years there, attending a public school in Jakarta. After returning to Hawaii, he lived with his maternal grandparents.
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In , he graduated from Punahou School in Honolulu, where he was a member of the basketball team and won a state championship in In his memoir published in , Obama admitted to experimenting with marijuana and cocaine during his high school years, which affected his academic performance. After high school, Obama attended Occidental College in Los Angeles and later transferred to Columbia University, where he graduated in In , Obama moved to Chicago and worked for a church-based charity organization as a social organizer, helping underprivileged communities.
This experience made him realize the importance of legislative and policy changes to improve people's lives. Obama left the presidency, at age fifty-five, after his constitutionally limited two terms ended on January 20, He announced plans to remain in Washington, DC, until his younger daughter finished high school and, as a former president, to play a restrained but active role in public affairs.
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He also devoted energy to raising money and planning for the opening of the Obama Presidential Center in Chicago, Illinois. Grant Rutherford B. Hayes James A. Garfield Chester A. Roosevelt Harry S. Truman Dwight D. Eisenhower John F. He relocated to Chicago, Illinois, in when he accepted a job with the Developing Communities Project.
After three years of community organizing, Obama enrolled in Harvard Law School. Obama was elected the first African-American president of the Harvard Law Review, prior to graduating magna cum laude in In , Obama was elected to the Illinois State Senate from the thirteenth district. He also worked as a Senior Lecturer at the University of Chicago from until , teaching three courses per year.
Obama was elected to a second term in the Illinois State Senate in November In , Obama made his first run for the U. Congress when he sought the Democratic U. House seat in Illinois First District.