Alphabetical list of artists
Whilst Richier did sometimes work in wood, he preferred the pale, soft limestone with its fine grain, and few veins, extracted at Saint Mihiel and Sorcy and when working in this meium he experimented with refined polishing techniques, with which he was able to give the stone a marble-like appearance. One of his finest works is the "Groupe de la Passion", consisting of 13 life-size figures made in the local stone of the Meuse region.
It can be found in the Church of St. Other works attributed to him are in the Church of St. Pierre, Bar-le-Duc, and in the Louvre. The first of these episodes is a scene showing Christ carrying the Cross on his way to Calvary or Golgotha.
Three women are shown on the left of the scene, including Veronica who looks adoringly at Christ's image on her veil. Elsewhere in what is a complex composition, Richier includes three men on horseback, Mary Magdalene and a man holding a pole at the end of which is a sponge. One of the horsemen has just pierced Jesus' side with his lance and Jesus' blood has splashed onto him and another holds a banner on which is written "Vere hic homo filius Dei erat" "here is a man who is truly the son of God".
In the third scene we see Jesus being attended to by various people after he has been taken down from the Cross. He is shown lying on the ground and supported by the Virgin Mary and St. Mary Magdalene and another woman are present, and to the rear Richier includes a bishop who holds a heavy cross in his left hand whilst a priest kneels at his feet see below for the probable identity of the bishop and priest ,.
The dimensions of the piece are 2. The central niche is 0. Along the base of the altarpiece is the inscription taken from St Peter. At the base of each pillar is the date "L'AN.
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During the war, the German Army transferred the retable to the "Chapelle des Templiers" in Metz. This was after a bomb had fallen on the church although the retable was not damaged. No doubt the Germans were anxious to avoid the retable being damaged should the church have been hit again. The work is in polychromed wood and comprises a depiction of Jesus Christ on the Cross with the two robbers on either side and depictions of the Virgin Mary and St John.
Originally all the works were located by the church's sanctuary but are not currently kept together but located in various positions around the church. They write. Despite the Tourist Board's comments the consensus of researcher's opinions seems to be that this is a Richier work.
The brochure continues " She is just an ordinary woman who is deeply distressed. The Romanesque church of Saint-Gengoult in Briey dates back to the beginning of the 12th century and holds a Ligier Richier calvary with life size depictions of Christ on the Cross, with the two robbers on either side. The work is thought to date to and was originally made by Richier for the Oratory of Jean Milet which was located in the old Briey cemetery.
The oratory was destroyed in and the Calvary finally moved to the church in after a period when it was kept in a chapel in the new Briey cemetery. This chapel in the new cemetery was where the priests of the parish were buried.
Ligier richier biography of alberta smith: Ligier Richier (c. —) was a French sculptor active in Saint-Mihiel in Northeastern France. Richier primarily worked in the churches of his native Saint-Mihiel. Starting in , he enjoyed the patronage of Antoine, Duke of Lorraine, who commissioned his work.
Some photographs of the Briey Calvary can be seen in the Bridgeman Art Library website and a close-up of the head of Jesus, shown courtesy of Groening. As was the case with the Calvary at Bar-le-Duc, the good and bad robbers hang from T-shaped structures and are tied rather than nailed to these structures and again both are shown in contorted positions.
There is evidence that there was at one time a sculptured group by Richier in the church, this group comprising not only Jesus on the Cross but also the Virgin Mary, St John and St. Longinus but only the figure of Jesus on the Cross remains today. In Nicolas Chatourop, a citizen of Troyes , made a pilgrimage to the famous Lorraine sanctuary called "Saint-Nicolas-de-Port" and on his return to Troyes he wrote an account of his journey and his observations of some of the religious works which he saw and these writings are a valuable resource for those studying the works of Richier and his contemporaries.
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Chatourop's observations were used by dom Calmet in his Richier biography and two hundred years later were to be used by the Troyes scholar Grosley in his writings. Chatourop wrote about a work which had caught his attention and he considered of great beauty by "M. As we see in the photograph of the work shown above, St John is shown supporting the Virgin Mary who appears to have passed out, overwhelmed by grief.
Scholars consider this to be what is left of a Calvary group of nine figures which was executed in the s. Here he wrote of having seen several works of sculpture by Ligier but he did not give a full description of these works. Records show that until the entire group remained in the chapels of the Abbey Church at which time the resident monks decided to transform the chapels and the statues were dispersed or lost with the exception of the depiction of Christ on His Cross which was kept in the refractory and the "swooning Virgin Mary" which remained on the church premises.
Events took a dramatic turn during the French Revolution in , when the crucifix was taken from the church by the mob and burnt along with other works of art. It seems that the next morning a local woman passed the embers of the fire and found in the ashes the head of Jesus which had survived the fire and was more or less intact.
She took it home where it stayed for many years. The carving is made from walnut and would originally have had a polychrome finish but this has worn away.
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It is located on the north side of the cathedral in a side chapel by the apse. It has a height of 2. It was thought to have been erected at her own cost by Philippe de Gueldres in the garden of the Clarisses convent. See "Miscellaneous notes" for some information on this convent. One is a Calvary depicting the crucifixion of Jesus Christ and the two robbers.
The Calvary is thought to have been carved in about The robbers have agonized facial expression while their contorted bodies contrast with the calmness which seems to emanate from Christ himself. Describing Richier's composition, Paul Denis expresses the view that the "good robber", which follows convention and is placed to the right of Jesus Christ, shows a certain hope as though he has accepted Christ's pardon "il rend en paix son denier soupir" whereas the "bad robber" exudes sadness and despair and his body is contorted into an almost impossible shape.
It seems unlikely that he will find peace in death. This work is carved from walnut which was then painted over. Denis believes the depiction of Christ and the two robbers are what remains of a much larger work, perhaps including the Virgin Mary, St John and Mary Magdalene but these have not been traced and Paul suspects that they went missing during the chaotic times of the French Revolution.
Paul also notes that the crosses of the good and bad robber were of a "T" shape and that the robbers were fixed to the crosses by rope rather than their being nailed.
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Paul states that this was the way the robbers were portrayed in ancient Christian art. Several reliable sources have written that the "Chapelle des Princes" contained a retable by Ligier Richier. French sculptor. Career [ edit ]. See also [ edit ]. References [ edit ]. Archived from the original on Retrieved External links [ edit ].
Authority control databases. Richilde fl. Richilde of Autun d. Richings originally, Reynoldson , Mary Caroline. Richings, Julian. Richiza fl. Richizza of Denmark d. Richizza of Poland — Richland College: Narrative Description. Richland College: Tabular Data. Richland Community College: Narrative Description.
Richland Community College: Tabular Data. Richland, W ilfred Bernard