Short biography of martin luther
At the time, it was a nursing school combined with a bed hospital. The Franciscan nuns were walking around the hospital grounds when they heard the sirens of an ambulance. One of the sisters was paged three times, and they discovered that King had been shot and taken to their hospital. The National Guard and local police locked down the hospital for security reasons as doctors tried to save King.
So he let the three of us in, closed the door behind us, and gave us our time.
Biography of martin luther king: Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. had two siblings: an older sister named Christine King Farris, and a younger brother named Alfred Daniel “A.D.” Williams King. Christine was born on September 11, , and is still alive as of
The Franciscan sister and the widow of the civil rights leader told each other how they had spent that night. It was a privilege to be able to take care of him that night and to pray with him. Who would have ever thought that we would be that privileged? King and not be moved to work toward breaking down these barriers. Klein would serve as chairperson of the Franciscan Alliance Board of Trustees, overseeing support for health care.
In , both were living at the Provinciate at St. One of his most notable achievements was the March on Washington in , where he delivered his iconic 'I Have a Dream' speech. This peaceful demonstration brought together over , people from all walks of life, and it is considered one of the largest political rallies for human rights in history.
This legislation outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, and it was a major victory for the Civil Rights Movement. King's leadership and advocacy were instrumental in gaining support for this act and pushing it through Congress. His legacy continues to inspire people all over the world to stand up against injustice and fight for a better future.
As we reflect on his life and achievements, let us also strive to carry on his message of love, peace, and unity.
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Grace Thompson is a dedicated historian and writer, contributing extensively to the field of world history. Her work covers a wide range of topics, including ancient civilizations, cultural histories, and significant global events like the World Wars. Known for her meticulous research and clear, engaging writing style, Grace makes complex historical subjects accessible to readers.
Her articles are a valuable resource for both students and educators, providing deep insights into how historical events shape the modern world. Grace Thompson Grace Thompson is a dedicated historian and writer, contributing extensively to the field of world history. New Articles. Money poured in to support the protesters; White allies joined demonstrations.
By summer, thousands of public facilities nationwide were integrated, and companies began to hire Black people. The resulting political climate pushed the passage of civil rights legislation. On June 11, , President John F. The law prohibited racial discrimination in public, ensured the "constitutional right to vote," and outlawed discrimination in places of employment.
Then came the March on Washington, D. Nearly , Americans listened to speeches by civil rights activists, but most had come for King. The Kennedy administration, fearing violence, edited a speech by John Lewis of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and invited White organizations to participate, causing some Black people to denigrate the event.
Crowds far exceeded expectations. Speaker after speaker addressed them. The heat grew oppressive, but then King stood up. Not everyone was thrilled by King's success. Edgar Hoover. Hoping to prove King was under communist influence, Hoover filed a request with Attorney General Robert Kennedy to put him under surveillance, including break-ins at homes and offices and wiretaps.
Research and Education Institute at Stanford University. In the summer of , King's nonviolent concept was challenged by deadly riots in the North. King believed their origins were segregation and poverty and shifted his focus to poverty, but he couldn't garner support. He organized a campaign against poverty in and moved his family into one of Chicago's Black neighborhoods, but he found that strategies successful in the South didn't work in Chicago.
His efforts were met with "institutional resistance, skepticism from other activists and open violence," according to Matt Pearce in an article in the Los Angeles Times , published in January , the 50th anniversary of King's efforts in the city. Even as he arrived in Chicago, King was met by "a line of police and a mob of angry white people," according to Pearce's article.
King even commented on the scene:. But it was an uphill effort. Black people in the North and elsewhere turned from King's peaceful course to the concepts of Malcolm X. King's last major effort, the Poor People's Campaign, was organized with other civil rights groups to bring impoverished people to live in tent camps on the National Mall starting April 29, Earlier that spring, King had gone to Memphis, Tennessee, to join a march supporting a strike by Black sanitation workers.
After the march began, riots broke out; 60 people were injured and one person was killed, ending the march. On April 3, King gave what became his last speech. He wanted a long life, he said, and had been warned of danger in Memphis but said death didn't matter because he'd "been to the mountaintop" and seen "the promised land.
A rifle bullet tore into his face. He died at St. Joseph's Hospital less than an hour later. King's death brought widespread grief to a violence-weary nation. Riots exploded across the country. King's body was brought home to Atlanta to lie at Ebenezer Baptist Church, where he had co-pastored with his father for many years. At King's April 9, , funeral, great words honored the slain leader, but the most apropos eulogy was delivered by King himself, via a recording of his last sermon at Ebenezer:.
King had achieved much in the short span of 11 years.
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Williams, was a rural minister for years and then moved to Atlanta in He took over the small, struggling Ebenezer Baptist Church with around 13 members and made it into a forceful congregation. He married Jennie Celeste Parks, and they had one child who survived, Alberta. Martin Sr. He married Alberta in after an eight-year courtship.
The newlyweds moved to A. Martin stepped in as pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church upon the death of his father-in-law in He, too, became a successful minister.
A middle child, Martin Jr. The King children grew up in a secure and loving environment. Although they undoubtedly tried, Martin Jr. He strongly discouraged any sense of class superiority in his children, which left a lasting impression on Martin Jr. His baptism in May was less memorable for young King, but an event a few years later left him reeling.
In May , when King was 12 years old, his grandmother Jennie died of a heart attack. Distraught at the news, he jumped from a second-story window at the family home, allegedly attempting suicide.
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Growing up in Atlanta, King entered public school at age 5. He later attended Booker T. Washington High School, where he was said to be a precocious student. He skipped both the ninth and eleventh grades and, at age 15, entered Morehouse College in Atlanta in He was a popular student, especially with his female classmates, but largely unmotivated, floating through his first two years.
Influenced by his experiences with racism, King began planting the seeds for a future as a social activist early in his time at Morehouse. At the time, King felt that the best way to serve that purpose was as a lawyer or a doctor. Although his family was deeply involved in the church and worship, King questioned religion in general and felt uncomfortable with overly emotional displays of religious worship.
But in his junior year at Morehouse, King took a Bible class, renewed his faith, and began to envision a career in the ministry. In the fall of his senior year, he told his father of his decision, and he was ordained at Ebenezer Baptist Church in February Later that year, King earned a sociology degree from Morehouse College and began attended the liberal Crozer Theological Seminary in Chester, Pennsylvania.
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He thrived in all his studies, was elected student body president, and was valedictorian of his class in He also earned a fellowship for graduate study. He became romantically involved with a white woman and went through a difficult time before he could break off the relationship. Mays was an outspoken advocate for racial equality and encouraged King to view Christianity as a potential force for social change.
After being accepted at several colleges for his doctoral study, King enrolled at Boston University. He completed his doctorate and earned his degree in at age A committee of scholars appointed by Boston University determined that King was guilty of plagiarism in , though it also recommended against the revocation of his degree. As explained in his autobiography , King previously felt that the peaceful teachings of Jesus applied mainly to individual relationships, not large-scale confrontations.
It was in this Gandhian emphasis on love and nonviolence that I discovered the method for social reform that I had been seeking. Led by his religious convictions and philosophy of nonviolence, King became one of the most prominent figures of the Civil Rights Movement.
He was a founding member of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and played key roles in several major demonstrations that transformed society. The effort began on December 1, , when year-old Rosa Parks boarded the Cleveland Avenue bus to go home after work. As more passengers boarded, several white men were left standing, so the bus driver demanded that Parks and several other African Americans give up their seats.
Three other Black passengers reluctantly gave up their places, but Parks remained seated. The driver asked her again to give up her seat, and again, she refused. Parks was arrested and booked for violating the Montgomery City Code. On the night Parks was arrested, E. King was elected to lead the boycott because he was young, well-trained, and had solid family connections and professional standing.
He was also new to the community and had few enemies, so organizers felt he would have strong credibility with the Black community. The Montgomery Bus Boycott began December 5, , and for more than a year, the local Black community walked to work, coordinated ride sharing, and faced harassment, violence, and intimidation.